Tuni, April 14 khu Indian Constitution (Danbu) bawlte lah a lamkai lubawh Dr. B. R. Ambedkar pienni ahi. Ama ahileh "Father of the Indian Constitution" chi'n laigiel mite'n ana chiemte hial uhi. India kipuihuoina Danbu guongaltu (architech) ahi dungjui in India khangthu a kigen chiengin Dr. B.R. Ambedkar gentel in um teitei jel hi. Ama ahileh India sunga chi-le-nam a kikhen tuomna deilou leh ana doudal zing khat ahina tungah India in independent amu nua sang a Law Minister masapen dinga guot in ana um hi. Ecomomist, professor, lawyer, scholar chi'a mite'n a chiemte Ambedkar ahileh a chietnate ziehin India zalenna suolna ah chiel in ana um a, tua dungjui in ama'n zong panthei tawp ana suo ahiman in British toh India kihouna vel ah ana tel a, Dalit namte dinmun ngiem, political rights an neina ding un pan nasatah in ana la zing hi. Kum 1956 in Hindu apat Bushisim ah ana lut hi. Kum 1990 in India a cminautangte di'a pahtawina sangpen Bharat Ratna pieh in ana um hi.
A Neulai Hinkhuo
Bhimrai Ramji Ambedkar ahileh 14 April 1981 in Central Province ana kichi tua Madhya Pradesh sunga Mhou khuo ah ana pieng hi. Army officer Subedar Ramji Molaji Sakpal tate lah a atum pen, a 14na ahi. A hing pienna insung ahileh Mahar kichi nam ngiem dalit caste leh tua hunlai a suhkhatheilou (untouchable) chi'a nam sangdeu te'n ana koite uh ahi uh. A neulai in chi-le-nam kidaidanna thupitah zieh in zum-le-za tampi ana tua, a school kaina tanpha a a tanpi dalit dangte toh a tuom a koikhiet leh ngaisah lou in ana um hi. Class room sunga zong touphal ana hi lou ua, tui a dawn ding chieng na ngawn un a tuibel leh a tui dawmna nou a khaikha ding uh deilouna zieh in nam sang khat in a khut uah ana sun sah vate nalai set uhi. A school ua peon pa akailou chiengin a khutkuo a tui sun sah ding umlou ahiman in sunnitum a tui dawnlou in ki nuole jel hi. Tam tangthu ahileh a laibu gel "No peon, No Water" apat muthei in um hi.
1894 in apa Ramji pen asepna pat pension pieh in um a, tuazaw kum 2 jou in anu'n shi san kia nalai hi. Ramji in ta 14 aneite lah apat a tapa tumpen in class X jou chang chang ahiman in ama meimei high school kaisah in ana um hi.
A Laisimna
Kum 1897in a innkuon un Bombay ah ana tenglut ua, tuachin Elphinstone High School ah anakai hi. Kum 15 apha, 1906 in a pa'n numei naupang kum 19 a upa Ramabai toh kiteng dingin ana guongal sah jouta hi. A high school kaina pat guong tungtuonna sangtah nei ahiman in Dalit student te lah apat theipha in hing um a, Biographu of Buddha kichi laibu pieh in ana um hial hi. Kum 1912 in Bombay University apat ecomonics leh political science subject tungtawn in degree ana jou a, Boroda state government nuoi a na neu khat a sem apa'n 2 February 1913 in ana beisan tahi. Kum 22 apha - 1913 in Sayajirao Gaekwad III (Gaekwad of Baroda) apat kum 3 dai ding, ha teng a £11.50 (Sterling) scholarship amu zieh in United States ah post graduate bawl dingin ana kuon a, New York City a um Columbia University apat kum 1915 in post graduate ana jouta hi. A major subject ahileh economics ahiban ah Sociology, History, Philosophy leh Anthropology chite toh ana simkhawm hi. A post graduate zawna thesis ahileh "Ancient Indian Commerce" chi ahi. Tuahunlai a a sangsia, John Dewey laibugel "Democracy" kichi in a lungtang ana khoi tinten ahiman in "National Dividend of India-A Historic and Analytical Study" chi thesis khat ana giel kia a, M.A. nivei ana jou hi. A scholarship a bei zieh in Indiah ah 1917 in hing kile kia ta hi. London a kilekia a a thesis submit kiana ding phalna mu kia in, "The problem of the rupee: Its origin and its solution" thu thsis tungtawn in Master Degree khat pie kia in ana um leuleu hi. Kum 1923 in D.Sc. in Economics chi ana joukia a, tuami kum mama in Gray's Inn apat chielna um a, tuachi'n a Doctorate 3na leh 4na (LL.D, Columbia, 1952 and D.Litt., Osmania, 1953) joukia ta leuleu hi.
Untouchability Doudalna
Untouchable kichi ahileh nidang lai a nam ngiemte ana kidah seng zieh ua a khoi zong akhoi kha utlou uh, a van neite u zong akhoi kha sah nuomlou uh, kimusitna huaise vawt khat ahi. Ambedkar in India a'ng tun nuo in sil tuomtuom bawlnan leh sawt dailou in ki phungkal vadieng jel hi. Azieh thupipen ahileh untuochable (khoi sienglou nam ngiem) ahi chi mi'n athei chieng ua ana taisan jel uh ahi. 1918 lai in Mumbai a Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics college ah Political Economy professor in ana pang a, a student te'n nasa pi'n phattuom pi ma nan uleh, a seppi sangsiate'n tui dawnkhawm ding nasan ana ut tasih uhi. Nam ngiemte adi'a tangkou zing ahiman in Government of India Act 1919 siemkhiet ding kuon in Southborough Committee kichi in a deidan ngen theina ding in hun ana pia uhi. Tuamun ah Ambedkar in nam ngiam leh sakhuo tawm dangte adi'a seperate electorates leh reservation bawl sah dingin ana tangkoupi a, tuachin kum 1920 apat in Mooknayak (Leader of the Silent) chi weekly journal khat ana pan kheta hi.
Bombay High Court a law a practice lai in untouchable namte dopkangna dingin nasep ana nei zing a, tuachi'n nam ngiemte a ding liuliau in Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha kichi school khat, education leh socio-economic dopkang na dingin anapan khia hi. Tuami school apat Dalitte dinmun dopkang na dingin jounal tuomtuom - Mook Nayak, Bahishkrit Bharat leh Equality Janta chite zong ana suokhe zeng zung tahi.
Kum 1925 in all-European Simon Commission toh semkhawm di'n Bombay Presidency Committee member khat a guon in um a, tua committee in India danbupi bawl didan ana siemkhiet uh India pumpi ah nasatah in doudalna ana um tahi. Tuazieh in Ambedker in ama tangin recommendationd for future Constitution of India chi laibu khat ana gielkhia hi.
Kum 1927 apat in Untouchability kichi kimusitna toh kisai doudalna nna nasatah in ana pan a, mipi toh lampi jui in masang a akhoi theilou uh tui kholna munte hong khia ua, Hindu temple a luttheina dingin kiphinna tuomtuom ana nei uhi. 25 December 1927 ni'n classic Hindu laibu, Manusmriti kichi, chi-le-nam kikhenna, untouchability chite adih leh ahi ding mawng ahi chia kigelna laibu halna ana neipi hi. Tunitan in tuami nu khu Ambedkar nuajuite'n Manusmriti Dahan Din (Manusmriti Burning Day) chi'n azang nalai uhi.
Hinduisim apat Bhudism
Hindu sakhuo in chi-le-nam kikhenna, untouchability a phalpia zieh in Ambedkar in a nuajuite kungah sakhuo dang, kichi zietna umlou na a lut dingin ana chil zing hi. 1935 October 13 ni'a Nasik mun a Yeola Conversion Conference ah, Hindu apat sakhuo dang a lut ut ahidan mipi a sing a simte mai ah ana tangkoupi tahi. Zalenna ding deina zieh in Sikhism a ki heilut didan vel bang ana ngaitua ngei ahidan muthei in um. Hinanleh Budhisim pen ahoipen a amu zieh in a thuchien thei utna toh Burma leh Sri Lamka vel ah ana zin kuol jel hi. Tuachi'n 14 October 1956 kum in Nagpur ah ama leh a kai zatamte toh Bhudhism sakhuo ah ana lutta uhi.
Political Hinkhuo
Kum 1936 in Independent Labour Party kichi ana phutkhia a, 1937 kum a Bombay Central Legislative Assembly kitelna ah seat 14 ana tang jou uhi. May 15, 1936 kum in Annihilation of Caste kichi laibu khat ah - caste system leh Hindu orthodox lamkaite demna nasa tah ana bawl hi. Tua hunlai in Ambedkar in Defence Advisory Committee leh Viceroy's Executive Council ah Minister for Labour panmun ana tuta hi. Hun hing pei jel in 1946 kum in Muslim Leage apat telchin in ana um hi. A kum akum in election teet tou char char nanleh deibang in ana kai jou zing lou a, India general election anivei umna hunlai in ama'n a leitung hinna ana hasuo manta hi.
India Danbu Guonggalna
Indian in August 15 ni'a Independent a'ng mu nua in, Congress solkal in Danbupi siemkhe dingin Ambedkar ana chiel ua, India a ding a Law Minister masapen ana suota hi. August 29 ni'n Constitution Drafting Committee a Chairman dingin guon in ana um a, India Danbu tha siemkhe dinga thupieh in ana um hi.
Tua hunalai a Ambedkar in Danbu ana bawl in tunitan in India sunga nam lien leh neute ahi ding bang leh lieng kikim a umtheina ding a kantup zing ana hi. Freedom of religion (sakhuo zalenna), abolition of untouchability (suhkhatheilou suhbeina), outlawing of all forms of discrimination (chi-le-nam a ki daidanna chinteng dan pulang a koina), reservation chite tunitan zah thei in um nalai hi. Tuahun lai in Ambedkar in J&K Special Status (Article 370) pen ana dei sih nanleh a committee member tamzawte nial joulou ahiman in tunitan in ki zangden nalai hi.
Reserve Bank of India
India a sumbu bulpi RBI zong Ambedkar in laibu ana gel - Administration and Finance of the East India Company, The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India leh The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution chite tungtawn a siemkhiet a um ana kawi laizang.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar tangthu pen kim tah a giel ding chilei laibu sa em-om pi khat ching ding ahiman in tamtah ah na phot tavai maw.
~ Written by Pupu Zou
(Ambedkar toh a pienni uh akibah zieh a a'ng gel kha chidan ahi)
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