HELP YOURSELF TO HELP OTHERS
(With special focus to institutionalization of the rural poor households)
A seminar paper presented by T. Zamlunmang Zou, Block Mission Manager, National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) under Manipur State Rural Livelihoods Mission, Dept of Rural Devp. & Panchayati Raj, Govt. of Manipur on April 22, 2017 on the occasion of Lutheran Youth Fellowship's Diamond Jubilee programme at Zomi Colony, Churachandpur, Manipur
Thupi huapjau mama leh lampi chi tuomtuom a peipi thei, 'Midangte panpi thei dinga eima-le-eima kipanpi' chi toh kisai khanglai tamtahte lah a gentheina ding hunpha hing pia LYF GHQ lamkaite leh Diamond Jubilee Committee te kungah Pasian min in nuomthu ka tut masa ahi.
I thupi ahileh line tuomtuom - education line, entrepreneurship/business line, livelihoods leh a dangdang toh kisai in zong gen thei tham ahi, tuate ahileh nidang hundang in zong seminar paper tamtah leh training tuomtuom ah i na telta uhi.. Tutung Diamond Jubilee toh i kilepi kia ding ua ka dei tinten khat um a, tuami ahileh khanglai a pil a siemte'n inn lam i tun chieng ua ei mama in bawl sih nanlei, a lampi kawmu tu a i pang ding uh deina toh interactive lecture ban ah participatory approach hing tam kha Meithei ahi. Nang ma ki panpi masa inlen tuachia mi panpi in, thungai ah, thu suitelna ah nangpa pang masa inlen, theina leh chitna (knowledge and capacity) kikhol kingkeng inlen i Zodawn a panpi ngaite panpi in china toh kibang ahi.
Tuni'a i thupi uh, 'help yourself to help others' ahileh 'help others to help yourself' chi'a zong gen kuol lele thei ahi. Zodawn – singtanggam leh Lamka kimvel mimal hi in innsung khat hitaleh i hindan uh, i ne-le-ta suidan uh a lampi dang umlou, khosa pan kai niaunuau a ne-le-ta suina in i nichin hinkhuo i zang uhi. Mimal a dinkhietna ding hamsa ahiman in zawnna apat ki dopkangna ding a vanzah hoi mama khu “institutionalization of the poor” ahi chi poverty elevation toh kisai lailam telsuimite mukhiet khat ahi.
Institutionalization of the poor chipen Self Help Group (SHG), ei ham in Mahni Kipanpi Pawl (MKP) china ahi. Self Help Group kichi a ja khanailou i um lawm lawm sih ding ua, ana pansa zong i um kha meithei, tuabang i umkha taleh nana bawl dan utoh tuni’a na thuja aki danglamna bang a um ei chi ana matsawm dingin iki chiel masa hi. SHG ichi chieng in i lungsim a hing kilou khe masapen ahileh numeite a dieh dinga poimaw chi hi ding in ka ngaisun hi. Adihna chieng khat zong um, azieh ahileh ei lah a SHG/MKP i chi chiengin numei ngen hideu tangpi, hinanleh Assam, Bihar, UP, Haryana chivel a pasal SHG/MKP tampi um, numeite sang a zong lawching zaw tampi um veve hi. Bang zieh a numei ngen SHG/MKP a ki telsah adiei? Azieh khat umkia leuleu hi. Numeite dinmun dopkangna ding, numeite pe'n chitah, a bawl khat ua gin um chipawl zong um. A lang khat ah numei dinmun ngiem mama pen dop sangna dinga vanzah hoi mama khat ahi chipe’n ngaidan tangpi ahi.
Kol-le-vaite innsung dinmun pe’n numei dinmun ngiem chitah in ngiem a, eilah nangawn en lei, tanu sangin tapa deisahna uang nalai mama hi. Na ngaidan in eilah pen tanu leh tapate deisah dan kibang na chikha meithei, a kichientah theina dingin tam a nei a etsahna bawl mawng vawi le..
Etsahna dingin – Numei khat leh pasal khat ding ding khawmsa inlen, inn sungah numei leh pasal deisahna (tendency) koi a lien zaw ei tam anei a thute tungtawn in en lechin na theichien mei ding hi.
1. Insung hamsa, ta numei khat leh pasal khat nei, mi khat meimei school kaisah jou giap ding.. Koi pen kaisah in a um diai le?
2. Innsung/khosung / namsung a vaihawmna ah Numei leh Pasal thu koi a lian zaw?
3. Nitha nasem a kilawhna ah numei leh pasal law koi tamzaw?
4. Solkal nna sepna ah, numei leh pasal koi tam zaw?
5. Solkal ki vaihawmna ah numei leh pasal koi tam zaw?
6. Pupa goutan umsate luatou ahi chiah numei leh pasal koi pen in luatou jel?
I.
Self
Help Group (Mahni Kipanpi Pawl)
|
1. SHG Hilchetna
A sungthu i lut masang in SHG kichi bang
ahi’a chi i en masa vai.
Self-Help Group (SHG) is a small
voluntary association (mahni deitelna toh kipawlna neu) of the poor
people (mi zawngte), preferably from the same socio-economic background
(khotang hinkhuo ban ah ne-le-ta suina kibang) and from the same
geographical approximation (umna ki gamlalou).
SHG has specific number of members like 10-15
or 20. If it it morethan 20, they need to be registered as a Society.
2. SHG Tup-le-Ngim
A thu a gen utpen tah a genkha theina
dingin English in SHG tup-le-ngim (Objectives) tamlou en juai vaile:
1.
Mimal
kimuon ngamna (confidence) leh chitna (capability) dopkangna ding.
2.
Mimal
(individual) hilou, pawlpi thutanna (collective decision) thanei dan zil sah
ding.
3.
Sum
kepbit toh kisai chindan leh sumbu zahdan zilsahna ding (to inculcate the habit
of regular savings and banking among members).
4.
Zawnkhalna
dinmun apat kalsang tawina di’a kipawlkhawm a poimaw dan theisah ding
(Collectivisation).
5.
Pawlpi
khat a dinpuo louna di’a dan tangpi (norms) nei a poimaw dan zilsah ding.
6.
MKP sunga sum veiphung (loan & repayment) dan
zil sah ding.
7.
MKP
memberte lah a sum-le-pai etkoldan, hawmza leh khopkia dan zil sah ding.
8.
Numei
dinmun dopsangna ding toh kisai a nasep leh silbawl a poimaw dan leh bawlthei
ahidan uh thei sah ding.
3. SEMINAR PAPER TUP-LE-NGIIM
1. I hattuom
in tami model tungtawn in kitun dingna I ngaisun thei diai?
2. Tuni’a thu
ngaikhia khanglaite’n LYF level hihen aw, CSOs, Philanthropic organisation
level hihen aw, tami model tungtawn in I gam sungah zawnkhalna I dou in, I
pawlpi leh mi nautaang te’n phattuomna ngah theina di’n I zang thei di uai?
II.
Hun
Peisa Leh Tuhun A Shg (Mkp) Dinmun
|
1. India a SHG Hing Kipat leh Khantou Dan
Kum
1985 kum in Nairobi ah 'International Women's Conference" ana um a, tuana
Women Empowerment umjia hibang in hilchetna an bawl uhi. It is defined as the
process by which women take control and ownership of their choices. It is a
process of awareness and capacity building leading to greater participation, to
greater decision making power and control and transformative action.
India ah SHG/MKP i chi chiengin atangpi
in numei ngen ana hi deu hi. Numeite dinmun dopsangna ding chi tupna toh
National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD) in 1986-87
Financial Year in MKP tungtawn a mi zawngte dinmun dop sang didan ana ngaisun
panta hi.
SHG ahileh Mohammed Yunus Muhammad Yunus
(b. 1940) kichi Bangladesh mi, Chitagong apat in a concept ana patkhiet ahi. Grameen
Bank & SHG concepts of microcredit & microfinance ana patkhiet ziehin Nobel
Peace Prize (2006) in pieh in ana umta. Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) jou a
kial tun zieh a nasem a va kipei kha, Mi gentheite’n Bank a loan latheilou chi
a mukhie, Ama sum nei USD 45 khu numei 42 kunga a leitawi sah (1976), Tuana pat
micro-credit & micro-finance ngaisutna hing pienga, Grameen Bank a’ng
patkhiet ahi.
NABARD in 1986 lai apat hoita study hing
bawl in kum 1991-21 FY apat in SHG leh Bank linkage dingin nasep ana panta hi.
Tua dungjui in India solkal in kum 2001 khu “Women’s Empowerment Year” chi’n
ana puong.
Kum 1992 lai in India ah SHG 500 (Titus
2002) apat 16,18,456 tan vel in bank loans ana laphata ua, tuachi’n Micro
Finance Institution (MFI), Non government organisation (NGO), National &
Regional Financial Institution (Banks) chite lawi in a munmun ah SHG nasa tah
in ana buoipi ua, NABARD in 2005 a record a bawl dan in India pumpi ah SHG
member 24.25 million vel in SHG-Bank Linkage tungtawn in bank loan ana lata
uhi. Tua memberte lah a 90% ahileh numei ahi. NABARD website in 2006 kum in
naikal khat sung SHG zom numei 400 vel umpha gige hidan in ana tahlang hi.
A tomkim
in
·
1983-
NGO khat Mysore Resettlement and Devp Agency te project khat in kum 1985 in SHG
300 lam ana siemkhia ua, NABARD in ana panpi hi.
·
2000
- Government of India in 2000/01 annual plan a ana telsahta
·
1987
- NABARD in SHG toh kisai in NGO panpi (a
tunga i gen NGOte ahi)
·
1990
- RBI in micro-credit model chituom chi in SHG strategy ana pom
·
1992
- NABARD in Bank te'n SHG loan apieh didan lampi ana guonggal
·
1992
- SHG-Bank Linkage Programme pat in ana umta
·
1999
- Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra leh Karnataka state te’n nasatah in
ana panta
2.
India
sunga SHG matal dan (2005-06 apat 2009-10)
Kum
|
SHG umja
|
A khandan
|
|
2005-06
|
2238565
|
109.47
|
|
2006-07
|
2924973
|
30.66
|
|
2007-08
|
5009794
|
71.28
|
|
2008-09
|
6121147
|
22.2
|
|
2009-10
|
6959250
|
13.6
|
Source: NABARD Reports 2005-06 to
2009-10
3.
SHG-Bank
Linkage mataldan (2009-10)
Particulars
|
Total
SHGs
(lakh)
|
Women
SHGs
(lakh)
|
%
of
Women
SHGs
to
Total HGs
|
Total
Amount
(crore)
|
Women
SHGs
Amount
(crore)
|
%
of
Women
SHGs
Amount
to Total SHGs Amount
|
Saving
linked
SHGs
|
69.53
|
53.10
|
76.37
|
6198.71
|
4498.66
|
72.57
|
Loan
Disbursed
|
15.87
|
12.94
|
81.54
|
14453.30
|
12429.37
|
85.99
|
Loan
Outstanding
|
48.51
|
38.91
|
80.33
|
28038.38
|
23030.36
|
82.14
|
Source: Status of micro Finance 2009-10,
NABARD
4.
India
Solkal Panlah Dan (1980-2017)
Ministry
of Rural Development’s (MoRD), Government of India in kum 1980 apat in
Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) kichi i gam sunga mi zawng leh
gentheite dopkangna dingin vaiguon ana pan tahi. Kum 1999 kum in IDPR pen
Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) chi’n ana heng ua, tuahun apat in
India solkal in zong India a zawnkhalna pen SHG tungtawn a suh kiemthei ahi
chi’n pan anala tau hi. SGSY tungtawn in India pumpi ah 2.5 Crore rural BPL
households te SHG ah kaikhawm in ana um, hinanleh sensitive support structure
umlou ahiman in, tam hun sunga SHG ana formte uh hoitah a khangkhia 10% zong
pha joulou ahiman in, solkal in a lawsapna zieh thutah in ana suikheta uhi. A
lawsapna zieh tangpi a amukhiette uh ahileh – mobilization dei bangtah a bawl
hilou, capacity building toh kisai kisam, community institution khankhietna
di’a fund investment tawm seng, bank leh SHG kikal linkage umlou, federation
umlou zieh a SHG enkai ding umlou chite ahi.
India government in a tha hing jetha in,
SGSY a lawsapna ziehte tungtawn in a hoizaw sem leh mission mode a peipi ding
chi’n kum 2010 in National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) chi’n amin ana khel
ua, Millennium Development Goals (MDG) chi’n 2015 tan a India pumpi zel suo
dingin ana kisa uhi. 9th December, 2010 in Govt of India NRLM Framework approve
bawl a 3rd June, 2011 apat ana pan uhi.
5. NRLM nuai a SHG mataldan (2011-17)
5.1
|
Geographical
coverage under NRLM
|
|
1
|
NRLM nuai a SHG ki siemkhietna States/UTs phaja
|
30
|
2
|
NRLM nuai a Intensive Block kipatna Districts phasa
|
530
|
3
|
NRLM nuai a Intensive Block chia nasepna kipatna
|
3520
|
4
|
NRLM nuai a tunitan Intensive Blocks a nasepna pei
lellel ja
|
3519
|
5
|
NRLM nuai a Gram panchayat a huomkha ja
|
70623
|
6
|
NRLM nuai a Intensive Implementation kibawlna khuo
phaja
|
196732
|
5.2
|
Progress
in Intensive Blocks (includes NRLM- EAP/ State Projects)
|
|
6
|
Number of households mobilized into SHGs (in Lakh)
|
317.4
|
7
|
Number of SHGs promoted (in Lakh)
|
26.8
|
8
|
Number of Village Organizations promoted
|
139622
|
9
|
Number of SHGs provided Revolving Fund
|
658051
|
10
|
Amount of Revolving Fund disbursed to SHGs (in
Lakh)
|
87,250.9
|
11
|
Number of SHGs provided Community Investment Fund
(CIF)
|
414089
|
12
|
Amount of Community Investment Fund disbursed to
SHGs(in Rs. Lakh)
|
205,378
|
13
|
Number of Community Resource Persons developed
|
78738
|
14
|
Amount of credit mobilized through banks (in Rs.
Lakh)
|
56,197.8
|
15
|
Number of youth provided self-employment training
under RSETI (In Lakh)
|
13.34
|
16
|
Number of Mahila Kisans supported under MKSP (in
Lakh)
|
33.54
|
17
|
Number of Producer Group promoted
|
1485
|
18
|
Gross cropped area brought under sustainable
agriculture under MKSP (in Lakh Acres)
|
38
|
Source: DAY-NRLM eGov Application, 2017
Tam
a ban a table en lechin India gam pumpi a SHG ki siemdoh (2011-17) jat, SHG ana
ki bawlsa function nawnlou, suh hing a umkia ja, community wise a member umja,
sakhuo dungjui a member phaja chite detail theitawp in na mu ding hi.
5.3 SHGs Under NRLM
(State Level)
5.3 SHGs Under
NRLM (State Level)
|
|||||||||||||||||
S.No.
|
State
Name
|
SHGs Type
|
SHGs
Member Category
|
Religion
|
Total
Members
|
||||||||||||
New
|
Revived
|
Pre-NRLM
|
Sub Total
|
SC
|
ST
|
OBC
|
Other
|
Buddhist
|
Christian
|
Hindu
|
Jain
|
Muslims
|
Parsis
|
Sikhs
|
|||
1
|
ANDHRA PRADESH
|
671142
|
0
|
0
|
671142
|
1458997
|
425802
|
3194361
|
1760439
|
0
|
0
|
6597374
|
0
|
242225
|
0
|
0
|
6839599
|
2
|
ASSAM
|
50823
|
28487
|
14094
|
93404
|
99688
|
205005
|
190062
|
459943
|
141
|
18122
|
681569
|
148
|
251399
|
33
|
47
|
954698
|
3
|
BIHAR
|
24070
|
0
|
27971
|
52041
|
218992
|
16667
|
266965
|
119007
|
0
|
0
|
571907
|
0
|
49712
|
0
|
0
|
621631
|
4
|
CHHATTISGARH
|
38841
|
16616
|
28500
|
83957
|
86433
|
348622
|
313516
|
24550
|
261
|
9519
|
756955
|
198
|
3533
|
8
|
34
|
773121
|
5
|
GUJARAT
|
65406
|
26054
|
99696
|
191156
|
211886
|
661835
|
833590
|
364396
|
55
|
657
|
2022068
|
231
|
40309
|
21
|
30
|
2071707
|
6
|
JHARKHAND
|
39472
|
3335
|
7082
|
49889
|
51036
|
266644
|
154196
|
14813
|
0
|
8236
|
460791
|
0
|
17662
|
0
|
0
|
486689
|
7
|
KARNATAKA
|
8097
|
1642
|
234949
|
244688
|
554667
|
256890
|
697654
|
1598339
|
1320
|
18748
|
2996189
|
11832
|
178123
|
86
|
140
|
3107550
|
8
|
KERALA
|
52215
|
306
|
193319
|
245840
|
521852
|
85022
|
420841
|
2747099
|
132
|
121772
|
590058
|
838
|
137793
|
104
|
13
|
3774814
|
9
|
MADHYA PRADESH
|
117893
|
10551
|
19820
|
148264
|
263781
|
708239
|
539706
|
74420
|
904
|
1262
|
1563895
|
350
|
15112
|
30
|
136
|
1586146
|
10
|
MAHARASHTRA
|
86460
|
22794
|
181838
|
291092
|
481033
|
497785
|
1095690
|
1196167
|
234425
|
2815
|
2878178
|
14836
|
100430
|
111
|
211
|
3270675
|
11
|
ODISHA
|
69913
|
25530
|
208664
|
304107
|
657663
|
829874
|
1474216
|
417997
|
595
|
85675
|
3113348
|
413
|
24148
|
39
|
63
|
3379750
|
12
|
RAJASTHAN
|
52561
|
2
|
4459
|
57022
|
113841
|
259531
|
175905
|
43893
|
63
|
10
|
581994
|
53
|
10325
|
10
|
701
|
593170
|
13
|
TAMIL NADU
|
68445
|
9054
|
235759
|
313258
|
1029466
|
65546
|
1558076
|
927745
|
2481
|
142521
|
3354603
|
2825
|
40018
|
84
|
716
|
3580833
|
14
|
TELANGANA
|
18296
|
0
|
383651
|
401947
|
961501
|
597714
|
2470373
|
549069
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4578657
|
15
|
UTTAR PRADESH
|
107808
|
8320
|
40832
|
156960
|
598995
|
24849
|
663652
|
397223
|
63
|
456
|
1571265
|
77
|
91858
|
7
|
566
|
1684719
|
16
|
WEST BENGAL
|
75106
|
35357
|
233913
|
344376
|
1103908
|
260761
|
303991
|
1613170
|
883
|
1893
|
2527146
|
199
|
751192
|
46
|
7
|
3281830
|
1
|
HARYANA
|
7237
|
1006
|
9544
|
17787
|
99692
|
423
|
66109
|
24801
|
7
|
164
|
169282
|
21
|
17724
|
6
|
3658
|
191025
|
2
|
HIMACHAL PRADESH
|
6974
|
390
|
3394
|
10758
|
29799
|
5213
|
10006
|
40612
|
466
|
43
|
80661
|
13
|
988
|
1
|
112
|
85630
|
3
|
JAMMU AND KASHMIR
|
16230
|
1
|
0
|
16231
|
19765
|
10439
|
16175
|
95375
|
576
|
11
|
50656
|
19
|
89966
|
6
|
297
|
141754
|
4
|
PUNJAB
|
4006
|
68
|
12
|
4086
|
28949
|
32
|
8906
|
7423
|
1
|
3062
|
6223
|
7
|
402
|
17
|
35364
|
45310
|
5
|
UTTARAKHAND
|
3746
|
1221
|
5085
|
10052
|
21186
|
5528
|
9128
|
43152
|
1
|
43
|
73719
|
18
|
3438
|
2
|
926
|
78994
|
1
|
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
|
137
|
3
|
20
|
160
|
0
|
1026
|
3
|
476
|
85
|
610
|
389
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1505
|
2
|
MANIPUR
|
501
|
11
|
2
|
514
|
7
|
2478
|
2781
|
730
|
0
|
2487
|
2363
|
0
|
42
|
0
|
2
|
5996
|
3
|
MEGHALAYA
|
1848
|
169
|
8
|
2025
|
122
|
20327
|
2
|
265
|
2
|
18403
|
1421
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
20716
|
4
|
MIZORAM
|
1837
|
63
|
362
|
2262
|
39
|
19741
|
10
|
2
|
6
|
19737
|
28
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
19792
|
5
|
NAGALAND
|
1610
|
206
|
956
|
2772
|
26
|
26840
|
8
|
22
|
4
|
26584
|
280
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
26896
|
6
|
SIKKIM
|
781
|
258
|
84
|
1123
|
747
|
4416
|
6098
|
76
|
4032
|
665
|
6626
|
2
|
8
|
1
|
0
|
11337
|
7
|
TRIPURA
|
2612
|
354
|
924
|
3890
|
5673
|
18424
|
5958
|
6098
|
2351
|
2847
|
29263
|
11
|
1448
|
0
|
0
|
36153
|
Sub Total
|
9326
|
1064
|
2356
|
12746
|
6614
|
93252
|
14860
|
7669
|
6480
|
71333
|
40370
|
14
|
1500
|
2
|
5
|
122395
|
|
1
|
GOA
|
11
|
596
|
12
|
619
|
182
|
971
|
3100
|
3002
|
0
|
362
|
6835
|
1
|
46
|
0
|
0
|
7255
|
2
|
PUDUCHERRY
|
63
|
1598
|
191
|
1852
|
8050
|
2
|
15643
|
240
|
0
|
782
|
22819
|
3
|
309
|
2
|
0
|
23935
|
Sub Total
|
74
|
2194
|
203
|
2471
|
8232
|
973
|
18743
|
3242
|
0
|
1144
|
29654
|
4
|
355
|
2
|
0
|
31190
|
|
Grand
Total
|
1594141
|
193992
|
1935141
|
3723274
|
8627976
|
5626646
|
14496721
|
12530544
|
248854
|
487486
|
30717905
|
32096
|
2068212
|
615
|
43026
|
41281887
|
|
Tam
a nei a table in a etsah ehileh, kum 1 sunga SHG memberte’n Bank a loan a laja
uh detail ahi.
5.4 NATIONAL RURAL LIVELIHOODS MISSSION BANK
LINKAGE
|
||||||||||
NRLM
Status Of SHGs Mapping (Geographic Wise) 17-04-2017
|
||||||||||
S.No
|
States
& UTs
|
No of
SHGs
|
Total
Loan A/cs
|
Total
SGSY A/cs
|
NRLM
Compliant
|
Non
NRLM Compliant
|
% of
Completion
|
Unmapped
Loan A/cs
|
||
No of
SHGs
|
No of
Loans
|
No of
SHGs
|
No of
Loans
|
|||||||
1
|
TELANGANA
|
5,44,772
|
7,49,275
|
188
|
4,40,397
|
6,06,906
|
1,16,052
|
1,38,830
|
99.55
|
3,351
|
2
|
ANDHRA PRADESH
|
9,32,289
|
12,65,346
|
895
|
7,16,141
|
9,82,168
|
2,13,525
|
2,69,634
|
99
|
12,649
|
3
|
CHATTISGARH
|
79,976
|
83,360
|
49,649
|
16,302
|
17,096
|
15,072
|
15,499
|
96.69
|
1,116
|
4
|
HIMACHAL PRADESH
|
10,759
|
11,376
|
1,941
|
2,611
|
2,823
|
4,855
|
5,122
|
84.21
|
1,490
|
5
|
MAHARASHTRA
|
2,69,903
|
3,03,239
|
59,135
|
84,844
|
1,01,649
|
77,844
|
86,688
|
77.15
|
55,767
|
6
|
JAMMU & KASHMIR
|
8,486
|
10,972
|
2,900
|
4,244
|
5,604
|
43
|
47
|
70.01
|
2,421
|
7
|
UTTAR PRADESH
|
1,19,431
|
1,25,058
|
60,584
|
3,812
|
3,945
|
39,397
|
41,103
|
69.87
|
19,415
|
8
|
HARYANA
|
11,479
|
14,717
|
2,404
|
2,200
|
2,483
|
3,887
|
5,227
|
62.62
|
4,603
|
9
|
KERALA
|
2,43,634
|
2,83,206
|
3,442
|
81,073
|
1,02,717
|
47,402
|
59,659
|
58.04
|
1,17,388
|
10
|
KARNATAKA
|
5,71,306
|
7,91,249
|
7,422
|
1,46,343
|
2,02,092
|
1,51,627
|
2,24,431
|
54.42
|
3,57,303
|
11
|
WEST BENGAL
|
3,38,717
|
3,80,341
|
80,468
|
1,19,694
|
1,39,002
|
9,320
|
16,281
|
51.78
|
1,44,586
|
12
|
ODISHA
|
3,07,643
|
3,35,758
|
83,461
|
1,00,311
|
1,05,978
|
12,605
|
12,961
|
47.14
|
1,33,358
|
13
|
ASSAM
|
77,118
|
83,059
|
20,961
|
20,073
|
22,189
|
4,199
|
4,593
|
43.13
|
35,316
|
14
|
TAMIL NADU
|
5,54,715
|
7,34,071
|
16,888
|
1,28,636
|
1,81,779
|
91,485
|
1,17,026
|
41.66
|
4,18,377
|
15
|
GUJARAT
|
70,756
|
74,755
|
11,300
|
9,060
|
9,394
|
8,174
|
8,472
|
28.16
|
45,588
|
16
|
MADHYA PRADESH
|
98,142
|
1,06,656
|
29,062
|
13,703
|
14,744
|
1,943
|
2,007
|
21.59
|
60,841
|
17
|
PUNJAB
|
7,433
|
7,709
|
3,631
|
135
|
140
|
401
|
410
|
13.49
|
3,528
|
18
|
BIHAR
|
3,09,859
|
3,22,739
|
30,572
|
35,387
|
36,442
|
32
|
32
|
12.48
|
2,55,693
|
19
|
PUDUCHERRY
|
9,790
|
10,568
|
76
|
493
|
714
|
157
|
216
|
8.86
|
9,562
|
20
|
RAJASTHAN
|
64,509
|
70,221
|
10,895
|
227
|
243
|
4,612
|
4,802
|
8.5
|
54,279
|
21
|
NAGALAND
|
3,033
|
3,068
|
1,966
|
45
|
48
|
0
|
0
|
4.36
|
1,054
|
22
|
MEGHALAYA
|
1,314
|
1,348
|
402
|
20
|
22
|
0
|
0
|
2.33
|
924
|
23
|
JHARKHAND
|
48,358
|
52,670
|
20,941
|
603
|
711
|
10
|
10
|
2.27
|
31,008
|
24
|
MANIPUR
|
3,396
|
3,475
|
755
|
30
|
33
|
0
|
0
|
1.21
|
2,687
|
25
|
UTTARAKHAND
|
15,972
|
18,105
|
7,746
|
100
|
106
|
0
|
0
|
1.02
|
10,253
|
26
|
TRIPURA
|
5,137
|
5,611
|
1,037
|
26
|
27
|
0
|
0
|
0.59
|
4,547
|
27
|
ANDAMAN & NICOBAR
ISLANDS
|
94
|
95
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
95
|
28
|
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
|
2,560
|
2,581
|
2,420
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
161
|
29
|
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
|
213
|
214
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
210
|
30
|
DAMAN & DIU
|
9
|
9
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
31
|
GOA
|
3,282
|
3,618
|
287
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3,331
|
32
|
LAKSHADWEEP
|
124
|
125
|
105
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
20
|
33
|
MIZORAM
|
167
|
169
|
22
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
147
|
34
|
SIKKIM
|
694
|
717
|
195
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
522
|
TOTAL
|
47,15,070
|
58,55,480
|
5,11,762
|
19,26,510
|
25,39,055
|
8,02,642
|
10,13,050
|
66.47
|
17,91,591
|
|
Source:
NRLM MIS Database
III.
Success
Stories (Ana Lawching Sate Thusim)
|
1. SARALAMMA THUSIM (Individual)
Andhra Pradesh
state sung Kurnool district a Orvakal block kichi mun a SHG toh kisai
lawchingna thupitah umte telsui dinga ka hawlai ua, nupi khat ka houpina pat
kang gelkhiet ahi. Kalva Bugga khuo ah Saralamma, kum 38 a upa, nupi ta 3
(pasal 2 leh numeri 1) nei mi khat ahi. A hinkhuo a hahsatna chinteng ana tuo
ahiban ah beidong kisai a ana ki khailup sawm nu khat ahi. Hinanleh a tate ziehin
ahinkhuo genthei nanleh khapet vevaw in ana pang a, tu in ahileh society a nupi
zahthei leh jatat khat asuota hi. Ama ahileh SHG member ahina pat Community
Resource Person dinmun tan tung in India state tuomtuom ah SHG thu tangkoupi in
va lele ta hi.
SHG azop Masang Hinkhuo
Kum 12 a pasal
nei, a khopam ua patlei a nitha law a kuong zing, ni khat a Rs 15 vel a law
hamham. A pasal ahileh niteng a singpuo leh juohtawm a kilaw, a tam tawp a Rs
50 vel mujel mi khat ahi. A pasal ahileh ju hai vawt khat, a innsung a sum
kichi pawlut ngeilou, tuabang dinmun a ding Saralamma in a innsung hinkhuo ding
leh atate khankhuo ding gelna in a hun
tamzaw a zangbei jel hi. A innsung uh a hamsat seng ziehi in a pienna pa'n ava
ve lai in nehding umlou chi in apa kinuole kia dinga ana sawl hial leh a tate
zong khat veivei an nehding umlou, gilkial a akaa uh a etthaw hun umjel innsung
a khosa ana hi ahi. Ni khat beh zong ann neh ding a val a um khalou, tua ahuon
leh a kia chia di chi um ngei mawngmawng ahidan a genlai in a luonhi'n a mai
ahing tuom nalai hi.
SHG a zop apat a hinkhuo
Tuabang hinkhuo
genthei tah azah lai in, ni khat NGO - SAPAP apat Kala Yatra chi vaiguon
tungtawn in SHG bang ahia, a phattuomna bang a hia chi a'ng theidoh ta hi,
amanu'n zom ut nanleh jukham zing a pasal in ana phal tasih hi. A pasal in
phalsih nanleh a guh in Vuggaramashwaram SHG kichi kum 1995 in ana zomta vevaw
hi. A guh a kum 3 vel a pan nuo in ni khat apasal in va theidoh a, a
lawm-le-guolte mai ah pienpi sanggam neilou bang mei in vua chitah in va vua
hi. A SHG memberpi numei hon in a ipla seng man un apasal ana le vua tamei ua,
maban a a ji SHG toh apanna zieh a a vuokia ngeingei leh noptual a koilou ding
uh chi'n gihna khattah anei ta uhi. Ni khat a ji sumkhol manpha tah ana gukhia
in ju toh ana kiteh kham tadildel, tuami thu SHG tampi kikhaikhawmna VO
lamkainu'n a thei tah in a inn uah va haw a apasal thuhilna va nei in tuahun
apat apsal zong hing kisiemtha panta hi, tami kum khu 1997 lai ahita hi.
Tuami kum in SHG
apat loan Rs 2000 la ua, ne-le-ta leina in zang uhi. Tuachi'n tuami a sang jou
un a SHG uapat loan Rs 15,000 la kia in, a nupa un lou san a la in tomato a'ng
chiing panta uhi. Pasian in a mahni kipanpite panpi ahi ngei ding, tuami kum in
Rs 1,00,000 val amuta uhi. Rs 50000 toh mun neukhat lei in, a loan zong sangjou
a, a kum kia in a loubawl ma uh bawl kia ua, Rs 1,50,000 val man alou uapat
mukia uhi. Kum 2015 tan in loan 7 vei (a sum a Rs 9.7 lakhs) alahna uh hita, a
sang kia nailou uh Rs 14,000 meimei phata hi.
Mangbatna Huipi
Tuabang a
ahinkhuo uh a'ng kiduo hoi laitah in namkal buoina zieh in a pasal in shisan a,
a tanu neupen apai laitah ahi ban ah, a inn tanpha uh haltum sah in ana um
chitchiet tahi. Numei Pasian neilou khat a dia thuo hamsa mama vang hikha va,
tuami hunlai in abul apat kipankia ding chi a ngaisut chiengin a lungsim
peisuol in ganhing neute thana damdoi (pesticide) dawn in ana kitha sawm tamawh
hi. Hinanleh a tapa upapen in theiman in ahinna ana hundam man uhi.
Kiduo Doh Kiana
Tuabang hinkhuo
hamsa a zahlai, belding neilou akisah lai in ama panpitu dingin a panna SHG
memberte hing ki thindoh ua, antang, sum-le-pai, naupangte laisimna tanpha a
pangthei dandan ua pang chiet uh ahiman in Saralamma hinkhuo hing kiduo doh kia
in, tuni'n inn building khat, lou sanggam 6 vel alien, autorickshaw khat, bike
khat, hotel building khat, gold gram 28, silver 500g, savings lakh val - a
unpia Rs 30 lakhs val man ding neita hi.
Ama nuoi a nasem
neita ahiman in, ama pen tunitan in India sung state tuomtuom ah Community
Resource Person chi minvaw in um a, SHG formation toh kisai tangkou in va lele
ta hi.
Collective
Achievement
2.
Farmer
SHG in Demaji, Assam (2012) – 15 members, monthly saving Rs 300, 3yrs old,
tracktor, paddy field
3.
Amul in India
a.
Amul
(Anand Milk Union Limited) ahileh India a White Revolution tuntu khat ahi.
b.
1946
in Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producers' Union Limited chi’n ana kiphut a,
tun ahileh khovel pumpi a Cheese produce tampen a chiemte in umta hi.
c.
Tuami
masang in tuamun a farmer te’n a bawngnawite uh treatment bawl didan theinailou
ahiman un local trader te’n a dehna jatjat uah ana juo jel uhi, azieh ahileh a
juolou uleh se ding.
d.
Sardar
Patel in kipawlkhawm a zuoh ding in ana thumop a, tua dungjui in Morarjibhai
Desai panpina toh KDCMPUL chi’n January 4, 1946 ni’n ana kiphut
uhi.
e.
Ni
15 sung amau common leh standard rate a milk juo ahilou leh chin kiphin ua,
tuachin Bombay apat Bombay Milk Scheme te’n loubawlmite terms and condition a
pompia tau hi.
f.
Bawngnawi
zuohte a society ua hing tam deudeu in a bawngnawi uzong ami tam dungjui a tam
deudeu ahiman in a summu uzong tam deudeu tahi.
g.
Mi
mawl litlet ngen hinan uleh a pankhawm zieh un a market control thei ta, mi
tampi’n hinkhiet law uhi.
IV.
SHG/MKP
Formation Process & Norms
|
1. Membership (MKP Member dingte)
SHG/MKP form dinga kisa khat in thei
dinga poimaw tamlou genlei uthuai isa.
i.
MKP
a member dingin a ut tapou hithei, hinanleh hun saupi et poimaw veve hi.
ii.
A
khaangsawt (sustainable) na dingin group memberte ahileh nei-le-lam, ne-le-ta
suina ki bang, a zawng tuom, a hautuom chi umlou, lieng kikim hileh hoi sese
ding hi.
iii.
Mun-le-muol,
umna ki gamla ahilou ding, khosung khat a inn kinaite bang hithei sese nalai
leh deithusam ahi.
iv.
MKP
khat a member mi 20 sanga tamzaw ahilou ding, 20 sanga tamzaw ahileh register
bawl ngai ding.
v.
Group
member ahileh mix (numei+pasal) zong hithei, hinanleh mix lou pen ha hoi a
hoizaw tham tham. Numei ngen, ahilouleh pasal ngen chia khen chieng chitchet
nasapia hoi zaw.
vi.
Member
khat hiding in mahni lunggulna toh a pang ngai ding.
2. Formation Steps (MKP siemkhiet didan)
SHG/MKP khat siemkhietna dingin aki form
khiettan ah dan thum poimaw hi.
a.
Pre-concept
seeding – Tam pen mimal level leh a inn inn (poor households) ua gen masah in
umjel. SHG bang ahia, koite’n SHG formthei, SHG i pang leh phattuomna um
chitevel theisah masah poimaw.
b.
Concept
Seeding – A lunglut teng munkhat a kaikhawm a SHG toh kisai a gil zawsem leh a
chieng zawsem a genpi na zah ding. Ahi’n ‘a’ & ‘b’ pen a lemtang dan a zong
gawmkhawm thei veve ahi. Mun khenkhat ah gawmkhawm theilouna zong um ahiman in,
mimal a theisiem sah masat poimaw na zong um ahiman in.
c.
Formation
– Tam hun ahileh SHG form ni, a min phuo ni, rules & regulation siemkhiet
ni, lamkai ding kitelni ahideu tangpi hi.
3. SHG Formation (MKP Siemkhietna)
Mahni lunggulna toh kikhawm a MKP
siemkhe ding ihita leh, tam anei a bang a bawlthei ahi:
1.
NGP
ahiai, pawl khat in ang saipi ahilou leh a peikhawmte lah apat MKP siemkhietna
meeting toh kisai a vaisai deu ding khat tengkhiet masah ngai ding.
2.
Kikhopna
thutannate gelkhiet poimaw ahiman in tuami ni a laigiel ding khat sekhiet masah
ngai ding.
3.
Amasa
pen a SHG/MKP siemkhe dinga kilungtua tah a thutanna bawl masah ding.
4.
MKP
siemkhe ding i hitaleh, a tup-le-ngim (objectives), bang tupna toh SHG i siemkhiet
chi point bang ja e khat guolhiet ngai, a zieh tuami objective in na lampeina
ding a’ng kawhmu poimaw hi.
5.
Aban
ah SHG min ding bang? A tamzaw deina toh minphuona bawl ding.
6.
MKP
siemkheta ihileh Norms (daan/rules) nei ngaita. Tam anei a bang in...
4. Ki Puihuaina Daan
1.1 Meeting Norms
1.1.1
Kal/ni
15/ha teng a meeting nei ding (a hoipen ahileh kalteng a meeting nei ahi.
1.1.2
Meeting
ni, hun, mun ding
1.1.3
Meeting
chia a vaigeite’n (late fine) bang ja liau ding, minute bangja tan vaigei te’n
liau ding.
1.1.4
Meeting
tellou (kitheisahna bawllou) te’n bang ja liau ding? Bang hun sung a apieh
ding?
1.1.5
A
kizom a meeting bangja tan telloute a membership apat paikhiet thei ding?
1.1.6
Meeting
chia tou didan tanpha gen ngai (round a tou ahoina ahileh miteng ki maingat
chiet, mel kimu chiet)
1.1.7
Meeting
chia mi thugenlai adangte’n genkhum pialpual lou ding chi vel zong telsah thei
tham ahi.
1.1.8
Sum
lut-le-pawtte meeting chia memberte mai a gel ngeingei ding.
1.2 Financial Norms
1.2.1
Regular
& Compulsory Weekly Savings - Kal teng a meeting chi’a member khat in
saving bangja bawl ding? Tam toh kisai ahileh member teng ngaidan – akituona
pen uh, adieh a a neijoulou pen ngapja toh thutanna bawl khu a hoipen ahi. Tam
saving pen ahileh member in ama khut ngelngel a apieh ding, midang piasawn sah
oilou chi vilvel lei hoipen kha meithei.
1.2.2
Loan
to members – Loan ahileh kalteng a saving abawl uh, a tam a tawm thu hilou, a
um dan dan, Rs 50/100/200 hitaven, member a poimaw penpen in loan a lah ding, a
la ut tampi a umleh apoimaw diah koipen e chi thutanna a bawl theina ding ua
tambang Daan a bawl uh poimaw ding. Ahithei tan a SHG pulang a loan piehlou ding
khu ahoipen ahi.
1.2.3
Prioritization
of loan purpose – Loan la ut mi 2 leh 3 vel um, a sum in lah ki dailou, tuami
hun chia a buoilouna ding ua a poimaw diah khenna tambang ahi ngai ding – 1.
Health related, 2. Education purpose, 3. Food, 4. Adangdang
1.2.4
Loan
Interest – SHG sunga memberte’n mun dang a sum asuilou ding uh chi tuppi pen
khat ahiman in Loan Interest pen a ngiem theitawp ahi ding ahi. MFI/Bank te toh
a interest akibah lou ding, a hoipen khu 1% interest rate ahi ding ahi. Tam interest
ahileh Flat Interest (abul apat a sanzaw tan a a meet kibang) leh Diminishing
Interest (A sumpi akiam dungjui a a meet zong kiam) in khen thei hi. A tuotdan
buoihuai meimei va i chileh Flat Interest pen buaihuai lou zaw.
1.2.5
Loan
Repayment – Member khat in loan alah leh a sumpi (principle) leh a meet
(interest) a sang hunding kichien tah a Daan a um ngai. A hoipen ahileh monthly
(hateng) a sangkia pen jangkhai mama hi.
1.2.6
Overdue
Penalty – A hun chiem banga Loan sumpi leh a meet a ditzaw sihleh bang fine um
ding? A meet double ding moh bang chi ding chite kichien tah a telsah poimaw.
1.2.7
Voluntary
savings phal ding/phallou ding? Voluntary saving ahileh member khat in kalteng
a regular saving apieh ban a sum dang saving a bawl utleh bawl theina lampi
zong um hi. Hinanleh tami voluntary savings ahileh sum dang toh halkhawm lou
ding, a tuom a, ama mimal sum dan a koi khiet gige ding. Tami voluntary savings
ahileh a bawltu in a poimaw dan zil a a lakhiet thei sum ahi. SHG a hilou, SHG
pen a bank dan a azah zual chidan ahi.
1.2.8
Tam
teng ban ah apoimaw dang zong umnalai ding, tuami ahileh SHG memberte’n poimaw
asah bang jel ua a guonbe thei zing uh ahi.
1.3 Membership Norms
1.3.1
Mi
dang khat in SHG a zop ut leh bang condition a a zop thei ding? Registration
fee umsah ding moh or SHG kiphu apat Savings ana kibawlte amount phaja apieh
leh member hithei ding amah? chite vel condition khat bawl ngai.
1.3.2
Member
hisa, a tawp utleh bang condition a tawp thei ding? Saving a bawlsa teng a
lakia thei diai? Ahisihleh alakia lou ding chite. Loan alah sangjou lou a a
tawpta leh bang lawh ding chivel.
1.3.3
Member
khat ahileh MKP Daan umte jataat leh jui ut leh jui dinga mansa mi ahi ding.
1.4 Leadership Norms
1.4.1
Leadership Term - MKP lamkaite
kum 2/3 dan in Rotation Basis a hen ahi jel ding. Kitelna hilou dingin, abanban
a kitawl ding, member tengin lamkai hina chance a nei chiet ding uh. Kitelna a
um chia a bawlthei deuleh a hamthei pen in mi thuzaw ahiman in, rotation a a
pei ding ahi.
1.4.2
Leadership
Designation
– MKP kipuihuoina dinga best practice chi’a ana ki chiemte ahileh lamkaite
panmun min zahdan khat ahi. A tangpi in Chairperson, V/Chairperson, Secretary,
Treasurer chi’n ina thei uhi. Hinanleh tuhun in ahileh tuabangte sangin Leader
1, Leader 2, Leader 3 chi’n ki minvaw a, treasure pen ahibang in ki minvaw
nalai hi.
1.4.3
Election of
Leaders
– Kum 2/3 sung vaihawm ding a tunga leader dingte bang chi tel ding? Election?
Selection? Or Volunteer? Tam toh kisai zong kichientah a gelthaw a a um ngai.
1.4.4
Bookkeeper/Secretary - Tulai in
ahileh Secretary chi um vate lou in Bookkeeper chi’n SHG member hikha lou,
midang khat in a laibu gel ding umteng a giel jel hi. Tami bookkeeper ahileh
meeting chia voice neilou, memberte thutanna teng meimei a gel jel, lailam a
bangtan e khat tung, cashbook, minute book chite kituptah a maintain thei khat
a zang jel uhi. Meeting teng in Rs 40/50 chivel bang ape jel uhi. Secretary
khat nei vai in, ama’n laibu teng giel hen ichi lezong akhawhna um tuonlou.
1.4.5
Bank Signatories – Bank account
a suoi kaiding in Leader 1, Leader 2 leh Leader 3 ahi ding.
1.4.6
Meeting
chia Leader 1, 2 leh 3 teng vaisai aki hah jel ding uh.
1.4.7
Leaders Roles
& Responsibilities - Leader 1 mawhpuohna, Leader 2 mawpuohna, Leader 3
mawpuohna, Secretary/Bookeeper mawpuohna, Treasurer mawpuohna chite zong hoideu
a laibu a gelkhietsa nei poimaw mama ding ahi.
5.
Leader
Guonna
Kipuihuoina
bangkim bawl zaw hita ahiman in tu’n koikoi leader hi ding chi guonthei hita
hi. Leadership pen rotation ding chi
hinanleh koi leader himasa ding chi telkhiet phot ngai himhim hi. Tam
pen member peikhawmte dei dandan a leader telthei ahi. A khatveina ahiman a
telkhiet teitei ngai, ahin a kiachia ahileh memberte deina bang a akitawl didan
genthei ahita hi.
6.
Meeting
Process (Meeting Bawl Didan)
Meeting
anei chieng ua circle/round a tousah ding, azieh ahileh member teng in tan
kikim ahidan uh, a neu/lian/poimaw/poimawlou tuom umlou ahidan uh suhlat na
ahi.
3.1 Meeting No. gel
manghillou hial di.
3.2 Meeting Date....
Venue ..... Time.... chite zong gel teitei di
3.3 Min lamna
3.4 Thumna toh
hunpatna bang um thei leh khaw teuhlou.
3.5 Agenda gellutna
– Agenda guol didan:
3.5.1
Meeting
nukhia a thupuosahte etkiana
3.5.2
Collection
of savings
3.5.3
Collection
of Loan instalments, interest and other payments
3.5.4
Receipts
& Payments
3.5.5
Discussion
and Sanctioning of new loans
3.5.6
Social
Issue agendas – Member’s individual issue, general social issues
3.5.7
Other
Agendas
3.6 Reading our of
resolutions by Bookkeeper/Secretary
6.7
Signature of all present members
7. SHG/MKP Books of Accounts (Laibu Poimawte)
1.
Minutes
Book
2.
Cash
Book
3.
SHG
Loan Ledger
4.
Members
Saving Passbook
5.
Members
Loan Passbook
6.
Asset/Stock
Register
7.
Receipts
V.
SHG
Non-Negotiable Thumb Rules (Nelsia theilou daan)
|
NGO/Bank/Agency khat poupou in SHG performance toh
kisai grading a bawl chieng ua point apiehna uh point 5te ahileh Non-Negotiable
Thumb Rules zong kichi a, kol ham in Panchasutra zong kichi hi.
Tamte ahileh:
1.
Regular Meeting
2.
Regular Saving
3.
Regular Loaning
4.
Regular Repayment
5.
Regular book keeping
VI.
SHG-Bank
Linkage (SHG leh Bank kizopna)
|
SHG i chi chiengin women empowerment toh
kisai deu in – leadership, capacity building, confidence building chivel a
louthei lou hinanleh, a taangpi in SHG khu Micro Finance Institution toh
akikhietna umlou hi. SHG sunga memberte’n sum peipung dingdan a bawl bangun
Financial Institutions (MFI) te’n zong bawl uhi.
1.
Bank
toh kizop pen a loutheilou ahiman in SHG kiphu zaw ni tamlou sunga SHG mintoh
Bank Account khat (adieh in Nationalized bank) te a hon teitei ding ahi. Tuaban
ah, maban hun saupi etna toh member teng in zong individual bank account hon
khu poimaw ahi. SHG memberte saving meimei toh a objective achieve hamsa ding
ahiman in a loutheilou a bank toh SHG a kizop mat ngai hi.
2.
Singtang
dawn a teng, mimal khat in bank ah loan vangen taleh bank nasemte’n ana ngaisah
mama lou ding uh chipen theisa ahi. SHG level in loan vadelta un hileh bang e
na dei uh ana kichi thei pan liai liai dingin gingtat ahuai hi. Tam tan
tuntheina dinga poimaw ahileh SHG sunga Panchasutra kichite atawmpen a ha 6 tei
belamnou demna bei bang a bawl phot ngai dinga, tuazaw chia Bank te’n Loan
piatah ahina uai chi’n na laibute uh hing phensah pan bep nalai ding uhi.
3.
Bank
khenkhat in ahileh loan na apply chiengin bang a na zah ding, na zahna ding
plan bang um chi’n hing ngen nalai ding ua, tuachia Micro Credit Imvestment
Plan (MCIP) kichi bang na bawl sawm, bang bang a sum lut ding, bang chi mukia
ding chi detail tah a plan na bawlna hing poimaw kha meithei ahi. Tam pen a
hamsa lawmlawm hisih, sum zahna ding, amuna ding, a lawh ding chi i tuot thei
pouleh bawlthei lel ahi.
4.
Reserve
Bank of India in nationalized bank te kunga SHG toh linkage a baisam theitawp a
bawl chiet dingin kum teng in condition tuomtuom an ape zing hi. SHGte ding
liuliau a branch credit plan, block credit plan, district credit plan leh state
credit plan nei chiet ding chi ahi.
5.
Margin
and Security Norms: NABARD operational guidelines in SHGte loan pieh didan ana
bawlna ah 1:1 apat 1:4 hithei chi ahi. Tami’n a etsah ahileh SHG saving phaja
chet loan pieh ding, ahishleh SHG pichingte kungah a saving ja uh se 4 atam
loan pieh thei china ahi. Etsahna di’n SHG in a loan apply hun ua a saving uh
Rs 1000 ahileh Rs 1000 loan na thei ding, Rs 100000 ahileh Rs 100000 loan la
thei ding china ahi. Hinanleh SHG piching leh loan ana lasate kungah Rs 10 anei
uleh Rs 40 pieh thei ding china ahi.
6.
Lai
Poimawte: Bank loan lahtheina ding alai poimawte ahileh i chia a tunga igen,
Books of Account teng hoita i nei a, i maintain pou leh tuateng ban a adang
apoimaw um senglou ahi. Loan Application, A purpose leh bank toh agreement khat
chilou a dang te pen a hun dungjui a bankte’n poimaw asahte uh higiap ding ahi.
7.
Monitoring
and Review of SHG Lending:Bank apat loan na lah chieng ua, bank te’n hoitan a
tupna bang un a zang na uai chi ang etkai ding uh hi sepsop nalai e.
VII.
An
Ideal SHG (SHG Hoi Kichite)
|
VIII.
Federation:
Powerful & Vibrant Poor Women Institution
|
SHG federation umtheite, tunitan a India
ah Block Level Federation pen a sangpen hinalai, maban a State Level Federation
tan ang umding zong gingtat huai nalai hi.
1.
Primary
Level Federation – ta pen Village Orgn/Village Level Orgn zong kichi
2.
Cluster
Level Federation – tam pen SHG tam mama na munte ah um thei pan
3.
Block
Level Federation – tunitan in tapen ahileh highest federation ahinalai hi
4.
Sub-Divisional
Level Federation – tamna apat a ban teng ahileh um nailou
5.
District
Level Federation
6.
State
Level Federation
IX.
Tami
Federation Tungtawn A Lawchinna Tung Khenkhat
|
OMPLIS – Andhra
Pradesh state, Kurnool district, Orvakal block a Numei 10000 val SHG tuomtuom
tungtawn a Block level a kipawlkhawmna ‘Orvakal Mandal Podhupu Lakshmi Ikya
Sangam’ kichi ahi. Tami ahileh India gamsung a SHG block level federation
lawching (self-sustained community based organization) pen a chiemte ahita hi.
OMPLIS tungtawn a a sepkhiette uh:
1.
Mahila
Bank - Mahila bank ahileh Micro-finance institution (MFI) kichi, SHG member
numei ngen in a Regular Saving, Loan Interest, Loan Repayment leh contribution
uapat a siemkhiet uh ahi. Tami bank a ansemte SHG member, sum koite SHG member,
Loan late SHG memer, numei ngen in a etkol. Bank dang toh buai vate nawnlou uh.
2.
Bhavitha
School – Tam sanginn ahileh naupang kumchinglou genthei zieh a nasem, suoh a
umte kaina dinga SHG member a singa simte’n a bawlkhiet uh ahi. Tam sanginn
enkoltute ahileh numei laisiem umlou, a hausa a crorepati chite um vetlou, ama
un a etkol un, ama uh nuai a semte ahiileh graduate leh post graduate ngen.
3.
Jeevana
Jyoti – Tam ahikia tageet lelah SHG member te’n akingap dandan ua a tuakhawm uh
“corpus” ahi. Ta fund ahileh numei khangdawng nalai a meithai (young widows), nuasia
a um khutdaw numeite (deserted and destitute women) panpina dingin ana zang uhi.
4.
SMELC
– OMPLIS training centre. 24,000 members around globe were trained by the
empowered community members of OMPLIS.
Grameen
Bank
- Bangladesh a mi genthei tahtah te savings, loan interest leh repayment chite
apat hing piching “Grameen Bank”/Bank of the Village kichi ahi. Mahila bang
bang bang a numei tamzawte tungtawn a lawching khat ahi. Professor Muhammad
Yunus in kum 1976 lai a nujang leh gentheite ki patsahna dia micro-credit dan a
ana pat ahi. Mi zwngte adi’a ki duothahna tuntu ahiman in kum 2006 in Nobel
Peace Prize pieh in ana um hial hi. Tuaban ah 2011 in “World Habitat Award” pieh in ana um kia hi.
.........................................................................................................................................................
SHG member a pang
a,
kal teng a Rs 10
vel, Rs 20 vel saving bawl a,
tam a tunga
lawchinna ngahte dinmun tan tungthei ding in na ki gingta ei?
Tun thei dan ahi.
Mi’n a bawl thei a,
a gah aki aat
theita leh,
en zong bawl thei
hilou amah?
I HATTUOM IN TAMI MODEL TUNGTAWN IN
HINDOHKIANA I NGAISUN THEI NA
DIAI?
.........................................................................................................................................................
MS Word apat copy paste ka bawl leh a number teng buai vei e, na sim chiah ana ki theisiem mai ua.
LAIBU ETTONTE
1. 1. International Journal of Social Science
& Interdisciplinary Research. Vol.1 Issue 8, August 2012, ISSN 2277 3630
2. Abdul
Raheem, aphyasmeen and solthana kissan (2007), World empowerment of women thought
self help group a view sakthi sugans Ltd, p. 48
3. Arjun
Y., Pangannavar (2010) "Women SHG Programmes and Rural Poverty: A Micro
Study" Southern Economist, pp47-50
4. Chandra
P., Parida and Anushree Sinha (2010) "Performance and Sustainability of
Self Help Groups in India: A Gender Perspective" Asian Development Review,
Vol.-27(1), pp80-103.
5. Jayaraman
R. (2005) "Performance Analysis of Fisherwomen SHGs in Tamilnadu"
final report submitted to NABARD, pp1-63.
6. Jayanthi.C
“Empowering Women”. Yojana, June 2001.
7. Kabeer,
N. (2001), “Resources Agency Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women‟s
Empowerment – Theory and Practice”, SIDA Studies, No. 3.
8. NABARD
Reports 2005 and 2006.
9. NABARD
(2010) "Status of Micro Finance in India 2009-10”. Reddy A. (2008)
"Self Help Groups in India- A Catalyst for Women Economic Empowerment and
Poverty Eradication" Paper presented at 33rd Global Conference of ICSW,
TOURS (France), June 30- July 4, 2008, pp1-2
10. NABARD
Report 2005-2008, status of micro finance in India 2009-10
11. Lalitha
N & Nagaraja B.S. (2002) “Self Help Groups in Rural Development “Dominant Publishers
and Distributers, New Delhi
12. Rajammal
P. Devadas “Empowerment of Women through SHGs”, 1999
13. Rajamohan,
S. (2003), “Activities of Self Help Groups in Virudhunagar District- A Study”, TNJC,
pp. 25-29
14. Ritu
Jain, (2003), “Socio-Economic Impact through Self Help Groups”, Yojana, 47(7),
pp.11-12
15. Surrender,
Kumari S. And Sehrawat R.K. (2011) "Can- SHGs Generate Employment Opportunities
for Rural Poor" European Journal of Social Science, Vol.-19(3), pp371-379.
16. Veena
Kumar (1999) “Social- Economics Status of Women in India”. Southern Economist, August
17.
Vinayagamoorthy “A Women Empowerment through Self Help Groups: A
Case Study in the North Tamil Nadu”.
18.
Veena Kumar “Socio-Economic Status of Women in India”. Southern
Economist, August 1998.
19.
Omplis
(2008). Sucess Stories. Retrieved April 19, 2017, from http://www.omplis.org/
20.
N.
(2017, April 18). MIS Reports. Retrieved April 19, 2017, from
http://www.nrlm.gov.in/
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