India Danbu sunga bawng 371(C) Khil 1 &2 telsuina

Manipur State Assembly in singtang gam nawtkha ding thu-le-la khat a'ng bawl kha chieng un Hill Area Committee a panmun tute maw chitah in i mawsah jel ua, dawise-kause gen in i gen jel uh. Tam bang a genthei na ding lawm lawm a HAC in thuneina nei amah chi suikhiet leh adiin adeen a singtangmi kichi khat i hi ngal leh i tanvou umte i thei poimaw mama hi. Hun peisah ah, HAC tungtawn a sep ding bawl ding kilawm tampi seplou leh bawllou a umte zieh in i buai vazung ua, tamte zieh in HAC khu bang a hia chi teltui khiet utna toh tam laigel hing pieng ahi.

Tam laigel toh kisai a, i sim pumpum ua i ngaisut ding ua dei ahileh - HAC kichi bang hing chi piengkhiet ahia, a thuneina bang um ahia, bang zieh a a zah ding bang tah a zah a umlou ahia, singtangmi MLA te'n a zahdan a theilou uh amah, ahisihleh Manipur solkal sunga majority community legislator te'n zah a phallou uh amah chite ngaisut pum a sim chiet di'n iki chiel masa ahi.

Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura state a tribal area leh Mizoram a mun khenkhat bangin Manipur pen India Constitution sunga Fifth Schedule leh Sixth Schedule kigente'n huomkha sih nanleh Danbupi sunga Bawng 371C (1) & (2) na in Manipur Hill Area etkol dan ding kimtah leh tomnou khat in ana koi hi. Tam tungtawn in Manipur Legislative Assembly (Hill Area Committee) Order 1972 bill phatsah in ana um hi. 

Hill Tribes apap Hill Areas

Britishte hunlai in Rules for the Management of Hill Tribes, 1935 thukhun sungah "Hill Tribes" chi zah in ana um, India in zalenna a'ng mu hun in Manipur Hill People's Regulation, 1947 chi'n "Hill People" chi zah in hing um kia hi. Hinanleh kum 1956 apat in Hill Tribes leh Hill People pen Hill Areas chi hing hita hi [Manipur Hill Areas Village Authorities Act, 1956, Manipur Land Revenues and Land Reform Act, 1960, Manipur Hill Areas Councils Act, 1971 ahishleh Manipur Hill Areas Autonomous District Council, 2000 (repealed in 2006)].

Hill Tribes leh Hill People apat Hill Areas chi a heng khiet a um pen in gen-le-sah tampi nei joutham ta ahichi pen kivaihawm dan siem telsui mite mudan ahi.

Hill Area Kivaihawmna Ana Tuom Vilvel

Chillai apat Manipur tribalte kivaihawm dan ana tuom vilvel ahi chipen Britishte hunlai apat chiemte in ana umta hi. Kuki-Chin te Hausa in ina ki vaihawm a, Nagate ahileh mipi thuneina in ana kivaipuo toupeh uhi. Kum 1891 in Manipur ah Britishte'n vaihawm ana pan ua, singtanggam ah Hausate/Headman pen Hill House Tax khon di'n mawpuohna ana pie ua, hinanleh khosung vaihawmna ah ana kitahla lou uhi.  Raja Churachand Singh sunga Manipur state vaihawmna pieh ahilai in zong Hill area ah thuneina pieh ana hilou a, 1913 in British ICS officer pen Manipur State Durbar president dia guon in um a, hill area vaihawmna ama khut a koi in ana um hi. Zo Gaal (1917-1919) zaw in British ten hill sub-division chi ana siemkhia ua, tuachin Rules for Management of Hill Tribes chi 1945 in ana guonggal uhi. Second World War (1942-1944) sungin Manipur pen gaal phuol thupitah suo ahiman in tam Hill Area kuvaihawmna pen ana ki songsoloi sieng hi.

Manipur Hill People's Regulation, 1947

Khovel ki doupi 2na zaw in, Manipur phaijang leh tanggam ah politics lam a khahlawna lien tah um in, Manipur Maharaja in Manipur State Constitution Act leh Manipur Hill People's Regulation chi 1947 in ana siemkhie hi.

Manipur State Constitution Act, 1947 in Hill MLA 18 tel in 53 member assembly ana phalsah a, tuate apat Council of Minister um kia in tuate'n Manipur Hill People's Regulation, 1947 tungtawn in Hill Area kivaihawmna supervise ana bawl uhi. Tami regulation dungjui in tax pia in 20 umna khote ah Village Authority chi ana umsah a, tam vaihawmna tungah Hill Bench chi umkia in tuami tungah Chief Court of Manipur chi'n viahawmna dan 3 ana siem khia hi. Tam vaihawmna dan 3 pen kum 1955 (Circle Authority), leh kum 1956 (Chief Court leh Hill Bench) in suhbei in ana um hi.

India Danbupi leh Hill Area Kivaihawmna

Kum 1956 in Union Territory Council Act, 1956 chi siemkhiet in ana um, tuami Act tungtawn in Manipur prn 30 members Council leh nominated member 2 pieh in ana um hi. Tami Council ahileh Hill Standing Committee chi'n Chairman a tuom a nei in ana guong uhi. 

North Eastern State Reorganization Act, 1971 bawlkhiet ahi dungjui in India Danbupi zong them khat guonbe in ana um, tuami ahileh Indian Constitution Article 371(C) i chi pen ahi. Tam article sungah Manipur Legislative Assembly in Hill Area Committee kichi standing committee khat anei ding chi ana guonglut uhi. Hill Area Committee khu hill area toh kisai dan siemphatna leh kivaihawmna enkol dingin India Danbu in thuneina ana pie hi.

India Danbu Bung 371C, khil 1 & 2 na ah tam bang in kigiel hi -

(1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, the President may, by order made with respect to the State of Manipur, provide for the constitution and functions of a committee of the Legislative Assembly of the State consisting of members of that Assembly elected from the Hill Areas of that State, for the modifications to be made in the rules of business of the Government and in the rules of procedure of the Legislative Assembly of the State and for any special responsibility of the Governor in order to secure the proper functioning of such committee.

(2) The Governor shall annually, or whenever so required by the President, make a report to the President regarding the administration of the Hill Areas in the State of Manipur and the executive power of the Union shall extend to the giving of directions to the State as to the administration of the said areas Explanation In this article, the expression Hill Areas means such areas as the President may, by order, declare to be Hill Areas.

Tam a tunga khil 1 & 2 in agen a tomkim a gen in tam bang ahi.

1. India President in Assembly ah hill area apat telching MLAte tungtawn in Hill Area Committee a siem khe ding,
2. Tam Hill Area Committee in ahiding bangtah a nna asepna di'n Governor khu mawpuohna lientah pieh ahi,
3. Hill Area kivaihawmna toh kisai Governor in a hun bikhet dungjui a President kunga thuttut a bawl jel ding leh,
4. Hill area ki vaihawmna toh kisai India government in state government kungah lamhilna a nei thei ding chi ahi.

Vaihawmna Toh Kisai HAC Thuneina

1. Money Bill chilou, bill khat poupou singtangmi/gam kivaihawmna hetkha ding ahileh a etkai ding leh Assembly a thutut a bawl dinga HAC kunga thut teitei ngai ding,
2. State solkal in HAC kunga a lutsah thu-le-la te Hill Areas kivaihawmna sukha thei ahileh HAC in heng kuol theina leh thutanna bawl theina thutanna bawl thei ding
3. Annual Financial Statement (State Budget) zong Hill Area toh kisai kha a um leh HAC in ettha theina thuneina nei hi.
4. HAC in bill a ettha pen Assembly in apoimaw banga etkia in bill a passed ding chi hinalai.

HAC Mawhpuohna Taangpi

1. HAC in Hill Area mite lunggul leh hihna a kepbit ding,
2. HAC in Singtangmite kikal leh state sunga midang umte kithutuona a punsah ding,
3. HAC in Hill Area khantouna di'a mawpuohna lien tah nei. (HAC mai ah hill area development plan luikhiet ahi dinga, a ngaidan uh lah ngei ngei ahi ding) chi ahi.

HAC Thuneina Nuai a Scheduled Matters Umte

1. The power and function of the District Councils
2. Development and Economic Planning
3. Allotment, Occupation or use or sell a part of land
4. Management of Forest (other than Reserve Forest)
5. Use of Land and Water resources for the purpose of agriculture
6. Regulation of the practice of Jhum or the other forms of shifting cultivation
7. Establishment of village committee or council and their power and their matter relating to village administration
8. Public health and sanitation
9. The appointment or succession of chief or the headman
10. Inheritance of property
11. Marriage and divorce
12. Social customs
13. Any other matter, which the Assembly may by resolution declare to be a matter which shall come within the provision of the Hills Areas Committee.

Thu Khupsitna

A tunga telsuina (a kim siitsiet) hisih nanleh, a thei kham kham i suidohte apat Hill Area Committee khu Hill People te adi'a vanzah hoi mama leh thunei mama khat ahi chi mu thei in um hi. Tam bang a thunei leh hoi mama Provision toh kithuom hanga a zahdan theilou imah, ahisah leh sazuh kipuo a i puo meimei uh amah chi a tel sem a suikhiet poimaw ka sa nalai hi.

Legislative Assembly a legislatorte khu a tam zaw singtangmite hilou ahi chipen i thei chiet ma bang un, singtanggam pen dugawlna toh ki en zing ahi chi zong i thei chiet uh. Tuami ahizieh in HAC thuneina pen ahithei tan a nelsia leh zahsah lou teitei sawm a um zing ahi chi zong i thei sa ahi.

A langkhat ah, tam a thunei mama HAC toh kisai mawpuohna nei singtangmi MLAte ahikia leuleu leh singtangmite maban ding sanga ama mimal maban ding khuol a buoi, ama mimal lannai ding khuolna a a tunga vaihawmte maipha sui a ui meikhup bang akitam nalai zieh singtang mite toh kisai issue khat poupou ki theimaw pang chivel kihi nalai hi.

Singtangmi MLA a telching, a boss te maipha en a a thuneina zanggam loute koi khat in koi talei, a mipite zong bangma kihi tuomlou veve jel. Singtang hausa te ban ah intelectual circle ah pressure ki tasam mama nalai. Hill Areas level a intelectual leh pressure group hattah um thei hitalei phatuom tuon mama dingin gingtat huai hi.

Singtang mite Indian constitution leh Acts tuomtuom tungtawn a ineite uh a milip in a kim sipsep in thei sih nanlei, a tangpi khat i thei uh ki phamaw, tam bang a'ng pien theina ding in awareness lam (Information, Education & Communication) i habawl mama uh poimaw.

~ T. Zamlunmang Zou @ Pupu Zou